EV maker faces huge losses despite a high market valuation. We speculate on its future.
24 Oct 2019 | 14887 Views | By Hilton Holloway, Autocar UK
A year ago, one noted automotive analyst admitted privately that he thought Tesla might have effectively gone bust.
He had good reason: the link between Tesla’s share price and its financial performance had long since been severed. Even in the wake of this week's surprise quarterly profit and subsequent share price rise, ...
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A year ago, one noted automotive analyst admitted privately that he thought Tesla might have effectively gone bust.
He had good reason: the link between Tesla’s share price and its financial performance had long since been severed. Even in the wake of this week's surprise quarterly profit and subsequent share price rise, overall revenues were below expectations, and well short of last year's figures.
The reason a banker with huge experience would have questioned Tesla’s viability is simply that the stock market valuation was detached from the real value of the business.
This detachment peaked in 2017, a year in which Tesla delivered around 103,000 cars globally. Ford, by comparison, delivered around 6.5 million cars. In June 2017, the market valued Tesla at $64 billion (Rs 454,099 crore), rather more than Ford and GM.
Today, Tesla remains highly valued despite very significant losses.
Even with the Model 3 rolling off the production line, Tesla lost $710m (Rs 5,037 crore) in the first quarter of 2018 and $718m (Rs 5,094 crore) in the second quarter. In the third and fourth quarters, it made profits of $311m (Rs 2,206 crore) and $139m (Rs 986 crore) respectively, although some claim this was partly because Tesla sold ‘pollution credits’ to other carmakers.
But in the first six months of 2019, it was back in the red.
First, there was a 31 percent drop in Tesla sales between January and March. According to US media, Tesla shifted around 50,900 Model 3s but the aging Model X and Model S netted only 12,100 sales between them. Upshot: a loss of $702m (Rs 4,981 crore).
The losses were pulled back in April to June of this year, but only to $408m (Rs 2,894 crore). According to analysts, Tesla also spent $1.5bn (Rs 10,643 crore) from its cash pile and borrowed $500m (Rs 3,547 crore) from Chinese lenders as its new Gigafactory 3 near Shanghai got underway.
The harsh reality was that Tesla’s second-quarter profit margin was -19 percent.
Even so, in September, Tesla is still being valued at well over $40bn (Rs 283,822 crore). Not bad for a carmaker that expects to sell fewer than 400,000 vehicles in 2019 and probably won’t make a full-year profit.
As we head into the latter part of 2019, Tesla is poised to make some big announcements that, it insists, will finally push it into sustainable profits.
This pivots around tapping into the Chinese market, still the world’s biggest for EVs, and launching the Model Y, an SUV based on the Model 3.
At the end of August, the talent of CEO Elon Musk for picking up excitable publicity from Tesla fans was in full effect when pictures from inside the Gigafactory 3 appeared online. Although the building was clearly complete – impressive when construction had only begun in December 2018 – it was not recognisably a car factory.
Even so, a Model 3 bodyshell was seen front and centre, described as the first 'China-built' 3.
A few days later, this car was displayed at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai, as Musk flew in for a public debate with Jack Ma, China’s richest man. In terms of publicising Tesla’s arrival in China, Musk could hardly have done a better job.
However, his tendency to promise unusually rapid progress remains: the claim is that Chinese Model 3 production will begin before the end of this year.
The Model Y is being promised for 2020 and hype about the Tesla ‘truck’ continues to swirl online. But there are big hurdles.
Musk’s purchase of solar panel maker Solar City is in difficulty, with plans for a huge plant in Buffalo, New York stuttering and a lawsuit from retail giant Walmart, which accuses Tesla of “gross negligence” because of alleged solar panel fires.
Musk is also pressing on with the promise of full autonomy in the near future, something the rest of the car industry doesn’t believe is safely achievable.
Tesla has also launched its own insurance scheme in California to try to reduce owner costs.
And although the Model 3 is doing relatively well, sales of the Model S and X are falling as rival EVs from premium carmakers, such as Audi’s E-tron, finally, go on sale.
Tesla remains the definitive outlier, a car firm that is defying normal financial gravity and seems to be able to raise cash and expectations while losing huge amounts of money.
No one could bet against its survival, even after the giant car makers finally arrive in the EV market, all guns blazing.